Injection

Detected user input controlling a file path. An attacker could control the location of this file, to include going backwards in the directory with ’../’. To address this, ensure that user-controlled variables in file paths are sanitized. You may also consider using a utility method such as org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils.getName(…) to only retrieve the file name from the path.
Likelihood: MEDIUM
Confidence: HIGH
CWE:
- CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal
OWASP:
- A01:2021 - Broken Access Control

User data flows into the host portion of this manually-constructed URL. This could allow an attacker to send data to their own server, potentially exposing sensitive data such as cookies or authorization information sent with this request. They could also probe internal servers or other resources that the server runnig this code can access. (This is called server-side request forgery, or SSRF.) Do not allow arbitrary hosts. Instead, create an allowlist for approved hosts hardcode the correct host, or ensure that the user data can only affect the path or parameters.
Likelihood: MEDIUM
Confidence: MEDIUM
CWE:
- CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
OWASP:
- A10:2021 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

User data flows into this manually-constructed SQL string. User data can be safely inserted into SQL strings using prepared statements or an object-relational mapper (ORM). Manually-constructed SQL strings is a possible indicator of SQL injection, which could let an attacker steal or manipulate data from the database. Instead, use prepared statements (connection.PreparedStatement) or a safe library.
Likelihood: HIGH
Confidence: MEDIUM
CWE:
- CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (‘SQL Injection’)
OWASP:
- A01:2017 - Injection
- A03:2021 - Injection

Detected user input flowing into a manually constructed HTML string. You may be accidentally bypassing secure methods of rendering HTML by manually constructing HTML and this could create a cross-site scripting vulnerability, which could let attackers steal sensitive user data. To be sure this is safe, check that the HTML is rendered safely. You can use the OWASP ESAPI encoder if you must render user data.
Likelihood: HIGH
Confidence: MEDIUM
CWE:
- CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (‘Cross-site Scripting’)
OWASP:
- A07:2017 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
- A03:2021 - Injection

Detected user input entering a method which executes a system command. This could result in a command injection vulnerability, which allows an attacker to inject an arbitrary system command onto the server. The attacker could download malware onto or steal data from the server. Instead, use ProcessBuilder, separating the command into individual arguments, like this: new ProcessBuilder("ls", "-al", targetDirectory). Further, make sure you hardcode or allowlist the actual command so that attackers can’t run arbitrary commands.
Likelihood: HIGH
Confidence: HIGH
CWE:
- CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (‘OS Command Injection’)
OWASP:
- A01:2017 - Injection
- A03:2021 - Injection