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    Security

    Injection

    tainted-url-host

    User data flows into the host portion of this manually-constructed URL. This could allow an attacker to send data to their own server, potentially exposing sensitive data such as cookies or authorization information sent with this request. They could also probe internal servers or other resources that the server runnig this code can access. (This is called server-side request forgery, or SSRF.) Do not allow arbitrary hosts. Use the ssrf_filter gem and guard the url construction with SsrfFilter(...), or create an allowlist for approved hosts.
    Likelihood: MEDIUM
    Confidence: MEDIUM
    CWE:
    - CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (‘Cross-site Scripting’)
    OWASP:
    - A07:2017 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
    - A03:2021 - Injection

    raw-html-format

    Detected user input flowing into a manually constructed HTML string. You may be accidentally bypassing secure methods of rendering HTML by manually constructing HTML and this could create a cross-site scripting vulnerability, which could let attackers steal sensitive user data. Use the render template and make template files which will safely render HTML instead, or inspect that the HTML is absolutely rendered safely with a function like sanitize.
    Likelihood: HIGH
    Confidence: MEDIUM
    CWE:
    - CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (‘Cross-site Scripting’)
    OWASP:
    - A07:2017 - Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
    - A03:2021 - Injection

    tainted-sql-string

    Detected user input used to manually construct a SQL string. This is usually bad practice because manual construction could accidentally result in a SQL injection. An attacker could use a SQL injection to steal or modify contents of the database. Instead, use a parameterized query which is available by default in most database engines. Alternatively, consider using an object-relational mapper (ORM) such as ActiveRecord which will protect your queries.
    Likelihood: MEDIUM
    Confidence: MEDIUM
    CWE:
    - CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command (‘SQL Injection’)
    OWASP:
    - A01:2017 - Injection
    - A03:2021 - Injection

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